NGO
Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
Edition
04: 30 March, 2011
01. E-course : Diploma in Integrated Development
(Dip. Int. Dev)
SECTION A : DEVELOPMENT
PROBLEMS.
Study value :
04 points out of 18.
Indicative
study time: 112 hours out of 504.
Study points
are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development
Problems has been passed.
Second block : The problems to be solved.
Study points : 02 points out
of 18
Expected work required: 55
hours out of 504
The two study points will be finally
awarded on successful completion of the consolidated exam for
Section 1. Analysis of the Millennium Goals. [22
hours]
[18.00 Hours] Analysis of the
Millennium Goals.
[04.00 Hours] Preparation report Section 1 of Block
2.
[18.00 Hours] Analysis of the
services made available by integrated development projects.
[05.00 Hours]
Preparation report Section 2 of Block 2.
Second block : Exam. [ 4 hours each attempt]
Consolidated exam for Section A : Development problems (for
passage to Section B of the course : [ 6 hours each attempt].
Section
1. Analysis of the Millennium Goals. [22 hours]
[18.00 Hours]
Analysis of the Millennium Goals.
00. Summary of the Millennium
Goals.
01. Eradicate extreme poverty
and hunger.
02. Achieve universal primary
education.
03. Promote gender equality
and empower women.
06. Combat HIV/aids, malaria
and other diseases.
07. Target 09 : Ensure
environmental sustainability.
07. Targets 10 and 11 :
Water, sanitation and slums.
08. Develop a global
partnership for development.
[18.00 Hours]
Analysis of the Millennium Goals.
08. Develop a global
partnership for development. (At least two hours)
Refer to slide: Targets
12-18 : Develop a global partnership for development.
Millennium Goal 8 was given the
title “Develop a global partnership for development”.
The entire section V of the Plan of
Implementation of the Millennium Goals (articles 47-52) is dedicated to Millennium
Goal 8, under the title «Sustainable
Development in a Globalizing World » .
It reads :
“47. Globalization
offers opportunities and challenges for sustainable development. We recognize
that globalization and interdependence are offering new opportunities for
trade, investment and capital flows and advances in technology, including
information technology, for the growth of the world economy, development and
the improvement of living standards around the world. At the same time, there
remain serious challenges, including serious financial crises, insecurity,
poverty, exclusion and inequality within and among societies. The developing
countries and countries with economies in transition face special difficulties
in responding to those challenges and opportunities. Globalization should be
fully inclusive and equitable, and there is a strong need for policies and
measures at the national and international levels, formulated and implemented
with the full and effective participation of developing countries and countries
with economies in transition, to help them to respond effectively to those
challenges and opportunities. This will require urgent action at all levels to:
(a) Continue
to promote open, equitable, rules-based, predictable and non-discriminatory
multilateral trading and financial systems that benefit all countries in the pursuit
of sustainable development. Support the successful completion of the work
programme contained in the Doha Ministerial Declaration and the implementation
of the Monterrey Consensus. Welcome the decision contained in the Doha
Ministerial Declaration to place the needs and interests of developing
countries at the heart of the work programme of the Declaration, including
through enhanced market access for products of interest to developing
countries;
(b) Encourage
ongoing efforts by international financial and trade institutions to ensure
that decision-making processes and institutional structures are open and
transparent;
(c) Enhance
the capacities of developing countries, including the least developed
countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States,
to benefit from liberalized trade opportunities through international
cooperation and measures aimed at improving productivity, commodity
diversification and competitiveness, community-based entrepreneurial capacity
and transportation and communication infrastructure development;
(d) Support
the International Labour Organization and encourage its ongoing work on the
social dimension of globalization, as stated in paragraph 64 of the Monterrey
Consensus;
(e) Enhance
the delivery of coordinated, effective and targeted trade-related technical
assistance and capacity-building programmes, including taking advantage of
existing and future market access opportunities, and examining the relationship
between trade, environment and development.
48. Implement
the outcomes of the Doha Ministerial Conference by the members of the World
Trade Organization, further strengthen trade-related technical assistance and
capacity-building and ensure the meaningful, effective and full participation of
developing countries in multilateral trade negotiations by placing their needs
and interests at the heart of the work programme of the World Trade
Organization.
49. Actively
promote corporate responsibility and accountability, based on the Rio principles,
including through the full development and effective implementation of
intergovernmental agreements and measures, international initiatives and
public-private partnerships and appropriate national regulations, and support
continuous improvement in corporate practices in all countries.
50.
Strengthen the capacities of developing countries to encourage public/private
initiatives that enhance the ease of access, accuracy, timeliness and coverage
of information on countries and financial markets. Multilateral and regional
financial institutions could provide further assistance for these purposes.
51.
Strengthen regional trade and cooperation agreements, consistent with the
multilateral trading system, among developed and developing countries and
countries with economies in transition, as well as among developing countries,
with the support of international finance institutions and regional development
banks, as appropriate, with a view to achieving the objectives of sustainable
development.
52. Assist
developing countries and countries with economies in transition in narrowing
the digital divide, creating digital opportunities and harnessing the potential
of information and communication technologies for development through
technology transfer on mutually agreed terms and the provision of financial and
technical support and, in this context, support the World Summit on the
Information Society.”
In the course or your work on Section 1 of Block 1 you made a detailed analysis of the causes of poverty.
Re-read your work on Section 1 of Block 1 carefully
to better understand the importance of
Section V «Sustainable Development in a Globalizing World » of the Plan of
Implementation of the Millennium Goals .
1. Opinion.
Prepare 2
pages : On the first page make a list of the main causes of poverty. Next
to each cause, write, where applicable, which of articles 47,48,49,50,51,52 of the Plan of
Implementation of the Millennium Goals you think are relevant. On the second page, draw your
conclusions.
Economic globalisation tolerates concentration of financial power in the
hands of a small elite of unelected persons. The instruments they use to concentrate
their power include debt-creation, the application of interest to the debts,
and the accumulation of interest along industrial production chains. The system
tolerates the operation of subsidies in the benefit of operators in
industrialised countries. For example, these subsidies amounted in 2001 to US$
350.000.000.000 just for agricultural subsidies alone. (US$ 350 billion in
2001). (Eight broken promises,
Watkins K., Oxfam briefing paper 9, Oxfam International, Washington, 2001) .
This is more than three times the amount of US$ 103.900.000.000
(including an amount of about US$ 19.000.000.000 for debt relief) in
development aid contributed by all of the OECD countries in 2006. “Development Aid from OECD
countries fell 5.1% in 2006”, OECD Paris, 3 April 2007.
The report by Koplow D., Nuclear Power : Still not
Viable without Subsidies, Union of Concerned Scientists,
pp.
129-132. “And once again, [ as in the past] these subsidies to new
reactors—whether publicly or privately owned—could end up exceeding the value
of the power produced (4.2 to 11.4 ¢/kWh, or 70 to 200 percent of the projected
value of the power).” (p. 3)
One of the slogans in favour of economic globalisation is the
“public-private partnership” which has given multinational corporations access
to and monopolist control of certain public services with disastrous consequences throughout the
world, above all for the poorest and the
least protected members of the societies in question. (Review your work on the
privatisation water in Section 1 of
block 2, 07A. Targets 10 and 11 : Water, sanitation and
slums).
Millennium goal 8 targets include for example :
Target 15 : Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing
countries through national and international measures in order to make debt
sustainable over the long term.
Target 16 : In cooperation with developing countries, develop and implement
strategies for decent and productive
work for youth.
Target 17 : In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access
to affordable essential drugs in developing countries.
Target 18 : In cooperation with the private sector, make available the
benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications
technologies.
The inclusion of these targets
in a goal entitled “Develop a global partnership for development » appears
to allow the principal causes of financial leakage back in through the service
door that the Millennium Development Goals are supposed to combat.
Specific targets are even
dedicated to sectors such as the pharmaceuticals, information and communications
sectors which, together with the water and energy sectors are the ones mainly
responsible for financial leakage, the main cause of poverty.
Openings to global
partnerships and to «public-private » cooperation are systematically
introduced in the descriptions of other goals, targets and indicators too.
Review
your initial analysis of the Millennium Goals in this Section 1.
Analysis of the Millennium Goals.
2. Opinion.
On one page make two columns. In
one column make a list of the Millennium
goals, targets, and indicators. In the other, write the references to
public-private partnerships, industrial activities, technology transfer etc.
described in them.
3. Opinion.
On two pages draw conclusions on the
contents of your list. Are development problems an issue of unlimited
consumption on the part of industrialised countries ? Are we in the presence of an effort in good
faith to improve living conditions in the least developed countries or do we
face a smoke-screen which covers intentions to create incentives for an even
more exaggerated consumption on the part of rich countries ?
Proceed with the drafting of your report on the Analysis of the Millennium Goals.
◄ Second block : Problems to
be solved.
◄ Index : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip.Int.Dev)
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