NGO
Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
01. E-course : Diploma in Integrated
Development (Dip. Int. Dev)
Edition
02: 28 July, 2010
Study points
: 06 points out of 18.
Minimum study
time : 186 hours out of 504
The points are
awarded only on passing the consolidated exam for Section B :
Solutions to the Problems.
Fifth block : How
the third block structures solve specific problems.
Study points : 02 points out of 18
Minimum study time : 54 hours out of 504
The
points are awarded only on passing the consolidated exam for Section B :
Solutions to the Problems.
Fifth block : How the
third block structures solve specific problems.
Section 7: Water and sanitation. [5
hours]
02.00 Hours Water.
02.00 Hours Sanitation.
01.00 Report.
Section 7: Water and sanitation. [5
hours]
Water. ( At least 2 hours)
All humans have a fundamental right to water and sanitation.
(The human right to water and
sanitation, declaration of the
United Nations General Assembly, New York, 26th July 2010.)
An analysis of basic water
requirements was made in part 04. Drinking water of section 2 services at the basis of a good quality of life of
block 1 poverty and quality of life. This
was expanded in the section on the analysis of the services
needed.
In the second block : the
problems to be solved the plan for the
implementation of the Millennium Goals targets 10 et 11 :
Eau , sanitation and slums and the s
proposed solutions were reviewed.
The organisation
of drinking water structures and some related technical aspects
were analysed in section 5 service structures of the
fourth block the structures to
be created .
Integrated development projects under the Model cover :
1. The supply of adequate clean drinking water fro all, without exclusions.
2. Local water points (usually about 200) at tank commission level, near
users’ homes.
3. A back-up service at well/borehole
level (usually 35-45).
4. Rain water harvesting at household level (10.000 homes).
1. Opinion.
Each tank
commissions organises access to the tank situated in its area. This may often be
done informally, as there will usually be social control 24 hours a day.
Suppose, however, that the Tank Commission decides to adopt a set of written
rules. On one page, write your version of the rules.
Orientation note: types of water supply and
sanitation structures
Types
of water supply and sanitation systems. |
Water
points with manual installations. |
Small
autonomous system based on local communities. |
Urban distribution organisations |
Technology
and service level |
Triple hand-pump
groups next to 35 bore-holes. The pumps serve as back-up and support for the
distributed drinking water systems. |
200 Local
tanks each serving 40-50 families
supplied by high-pressure solar submersible pumps installed in 35 (wells/
boreholes) with an internal diameter of
at least |
Not
applicable. |
Services |
According
to the preferences of the institutions in question. Service in
any case include washing points |
Independent
rain-water harvesting systems at individual household level for non-potable
household and personal use. |
Not
applicable. |
User types |
10.000
households in rural areas and small
villages. |
10.000
households in rural areas and small
villages. |
Not
applicable. |
Management |
35
Well-level commissions whose members are elected by the tank commissions. |
200 Tank commissions
chosen by the households served. |
Not
applicable. |
Use and
maintenance requirements. |
Ownership
and management of the structures at well-commission level. Wells
(boreholes),manual pumps, platforms, washing places, guards, (also for solar pumps
and PV generators), supervision of access to the well area. Maintenance by
the cooperatives set up for the purpose. Formal money maintenance and
long-term system replacement costs paid out of Cooperative Local Development
Fund. |
Ownership
and management at tank commission level. Feed-pipe
installations, tanks, platforms, supervision, access to tanks. Maintenance
by the cooperatives set up for the purpose. Formal money maintenance and
long-term system replacement costs paid out of Cooperative Local Development
Fund. |
Not
applicable. |
Typical way
of cost recovery. Periodic forfeit fees and contributions
to cover repairs and replacements. |
The
families pay a monthly contribution of (Euro 0,60 –0,75) per person into the Cooperative
Local Development Fund. About one
quarter of this contribution (Euro 69.500 per year) is reserved for the
coverage of formal money costs especially for spare parts. Most
management costs are covered under the local money systems set up as part of
project execution. |
Management
of the monthly contributions is in the hands of the 200 tank commissions. The
structures set up offer several layers of social security support to the
elderly, the sick, the poor, and the handicapped who either temporarily or
permanently have problems meeting
their formal money or local money contributions. |
Not
applicable. |
Drinking water has a price. Even within the framework
of integrated development projects. Families make a monthly contribution into the
Cooperative Local Development Fund. As files 07.30 systematic expenses
and 07.40
revenues of the Model show, about
28% of the contributions form a reserve to cover the formal money costs of the
maintenance of the project structures (all the structures together, including
those for drinking water) during the early years of project management, and about 22% in later years. Most of the management costs are covered under
the local money systems set up in each project area. et. The local money costs
incurred by each tank commission are distributed amongst the members served by
the commission. The local money costs incurred for structures owned by each
well commission are distributed amongst the members served by the well
commission. Local money costs for property owned by the project as a whole are
distributed amongst all of the members of the Permanent Cooperative for the
on-going Management of the Project
Structures.
2. Opinion.
You are the
chairperson of a tank commission. On one page, explain to the members of the
40 families served by the tank
commission (using the tank) how they are going to pay for their drinking water
services.
Read the Model annexe
09.47 Water
Filtration using Moringa Oleifera diaphragms with «Biosand » filters..
3. Opinion.
You propose a cooperative for the
production of Moringa/biosand filters.. Your project would serve the whole
project area. On one page present your business plan to the General
Management. Don’t forget the need to
cultivate Moringa trees !
Read Model annexe : 09.49
Roof-water harvesting : A handbook for practioners .Thomas T.H andt
Martinson D.B., 2007. Courtesy IRC
Ineternational Water and Sanitation Centre,
In the analysis of
the services needed in section 2 services
basic to a good quality of life of block
1 poverty and quality
of life the total amount of
rainwater needed to be stored at each household in your chosen area was
calculated.
4. Opinion.
On one page, make an introduction with a summary of your results. Then
write how, in practice, you would physically install the rainwater storage
tanks so that the rainwater collected can be used inside the homes. Where
applicable, explain why that would not be possible, and which alternative
solutions you would propose.
◄ Fifth block : Section 7: Water and sanitation.
◄ Fifth
block : How fourth block structures solve specific problems.
◄ Main index for the Diploma in Integrated Development
(Dip.Dev.Int..
"Money is not the key that opens the gates of the market but the bolt
that bars them."
Gesell, Silvio, The Natural Economic Order, revised English edition,
Peter Owen,
“Poverty is created scarcity”
Wahu Kaara, point 8 of the Global Call to Action Against Poverty, 58th
annual NGO Conference, United Nations,
This
work is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-Non-commercial-Share Alike 3.0 Licence