NGO Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM Amsterdam, Netherlands.

 

Edition 02: 21 April, 2010

Edition 03 : 29 March, 2011

 

01. E-course : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev)

 

 

Quarter 1.

 

 

SECTION A :  DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS.

 

 

Study value : 04 points out of 18.

Indicative study time: 112 hours out of 504.

 

Study points are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development Problems has been passed.

 


 

First block : Poverty and quality of life.

 

Study value : 02 points out of 18.

Indicative study time: 57 hours out of 504.

 

Study points are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development Problems has been passed.

 


 

First block : Poverty and quality of life.

 

First Block : Section 1. Analysis of the causes of poverty. [26.50 hours]

First Block : Section 2. Services needed for a good quality of life.

First Block : Exam. [ 4 hours each attempt]

 


 

Block 1 of Section 1. Analysis of the causes of poverty. [26.50 hours]

 

Part 2 : In depth analysis of the causes of poverty. [14.00 hours]

 

01. In depth : definition of poverty.

02. In depth : some factors linked with poverty.

03. In depth : debts and subsidies.

04. In depth : financial leakages : food and water industries.

05. In depth : financial leakage : energy.

06. In depth : financial leakage : means of communication..

07. In depth : financial leakage : health and education.

08. In depth : financial leakage : theft of resources.

09. In depth : financial leakage : corruption.

10. In depth : the industry of poverty.

 

Report on Section 1 of Block 1 : [06.00 Hours]

 


 

Part 2 : In depth analysis of the causes of poverty. [14.00 hours]

 

02. In depth : some factors linked with poverty. (At least one hour)

 

Refer to slide :

 

02. Some factors linked with poverty.

 

Monetisation.

 

Do you know The system of National Accounts, 1993 (SNA) ?

 

See : Stiglitz J., Sen A, Fitoussi J-P (coordinators), Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress., Report for the President of France, www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr, Paris, September 2009. Chapter 1 of the summary and chapter 1 of the body of this report provide a detailed analysis of  the term “gross domestic product (GDP)” as used in the system of National Accounts and its limitations.

 

Look at figure 1.6 on page 36 of Chapter 1 of  the report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.

 

1. Opinion.

 

Which activities does the SNA measure? How much do you think  is attributed to women a) in  OECD countries; b) in emerging economies; c) in the least developed  countries?

 

 What are “monetised” activities ?

 

2. Opinion.

 

Which activities are NOT measured by the SNA? How much do you think  is attributed to women a) in  OECD countries; b) in emerging economies; c) in the least developed  countries?

 

These are “non-monetised” activities.

 

3. Opinion.

 

How many “monetised” activities do you think are truly “productive”?   

 

4. Opinion.

 

How many “non-monetised” activities do you think are truly “productive”?   

 

5. Opinion.

 

What conclusions can you draw from your notes?

 

Read Chapter 8  “From global to local” of the book A Renewable World (Girardet H. and Mendonça M, Green Books, White River Junction, 2009 (The World Future Council) , which covers the consequences of globalisation of food production in detail.

 

A can of peas.

 

A 400 gr. can of peas is an example of a chain of production. You begin with the seeds. You plant and cultivate them. You make commercial agreements. The peas (280 gr. of them, the rest is water) are taken to a factory. They are cooked at the factory and put into a tin which also has to be manufactured. Metal for the tin has to be mined and treated or recycled from used materials. Paper for the label and packaging have to be manufactured. Trees for the paper have to be cultivated, cut, transported, and treated. Once the can of peas has been «produced » it is taken to and stored in a distribution point, sold, taken to a destination, stored again, sold again, transported again to a final destination. The cycle ends with …….. 280 gr. of  “consumable” peas, which might finally be offered for sale at the place the peas were originally cultivated.

 

Generally viewed, production of the can of peas may pass along a chain with hundreds of links. The peas might have been consumed at their point of production, or locally dried and conserved.. At the beginning of the chain, the peas were fresh.. At the end of the chain, they are by definition less fresh.

 

The question arises what the value added of the productive chain is. What has actually been  “produced” during the odyssey made by the peas ?

 

6. Research.

 

Think of another commercial product and set out the chain of activities for it to arrive at its final point of consumption or utilisation.

 

What are your conclusions?

 

The length of the production chain.

 

7. Opinion.

 

Considering the conclusions you have reached on the chain of production you have set out, what are the benefits of a long production chain? Who benefits from it? Which are the benefits of a short production chain? Who benefits from it?

 

Who controls the production chain at each of its links?

 

Marketing, packaging, and transport.

 

These are specific phases in the production chain odyssey of our poor peas.

 

8. Opinion.

 

What is the value added of these activities ? Who pays for them? How much time, energy and money do they cost?

 

The role of money

 

The peas will (often) have changed owner several times in the course of their long voyage.

 

9. Opinion.

 

Make a list of  [possible] moments of transfer of ownership of the product for which you researched the chain of production. Which operations were necessary at each transfer of ownership ?

 

How much money was needed for the first transfer? How much for the last one ?

 

Take the case of our can containing 280 gr. of peas.

 

10. Opinion.

 

What was their harvested  value when they were with the farmer?   What was their value at the end of the production chain?  

 

What are your  conclusions?

 

Girardet and Mendonça cite in their book  A Renewable World (details above) cite the one planet living concept of the  Bio Regional Development Group.

 

In their view, One Planet Living involves respecting the following principles:

 

01. Zero carbon.

02. Zero waste.

03. Sustainable  transport.

04. Sustainable materials.

05. Local and sustainable food.

06. Sustainable water.

07. Natural habitats and wild life.

08. Culture and heritage.

09. Equity, fair-trade, and local economy.

10. Health and happiness.

 

This course shows how integrated development projects make this possible.

 



 First  block : Poverty and quality of life.


Index : Diploma in Integrated Development  (Dip.Int.Dev)

 List of key words.

 List of references.

  Course chart.


 Courses available.

Homepage Bakens Verzet.


 

Creative Commons License.

 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial-Share Alike 3.0 Licence.