NGO
Another Way (Stichting Bakens Verzet), 1018 AM
Edition
02: 21 April, 2010
Edition
03 : 29 March, 2011
01. E-course : Diploma in
Integrated Development (Dip. Int. Dev)
SECTION A : DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS.
Study value :
04 points out of 18.
Indicative
study time: 112 hours out of 504.
Study points
are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development
Problems has been passed.
First block : Poverty and quality of life.
Study value :
02 points out of 18.
Indicative study
time: 57 hours out of 504.
Study points
are awarded only after the consolidated exam for Section A : Development
Problems has been passed.
First block : Poverty and quality of life.
First Block : Section 1. Analysis of the causes
of poverty. [26.50 hours]
First Block : Section 2. Services needed for a good quality of
life.
First Block : Exam. [ 4 hours each attempt]
Block 1 of Section 1. Analysis of the causes of poverty.
[26.50 hours]
Part 2 : In depth analysis
of the causes of poverty. [14.00 hours]
01. In depth : definition of poverty.
02. In depth : some factors linked with poverty.
03. In depth : debts and subsidies.
04. In depth : financial leakages : food and
water industries.
05. In depth : financial leakage : energy.
06. In depth : financial leakage : means of
communication..
07. In depth : financial leakage : health and
education.
08. In depth : financial leakage : theft of
resources.
09. In depth : financial leakage :
corruption.
10. In depth : the industry of poverty.
Report on Section 1 of Block
1 : [06.00 Hours]
Part 2 : In depth analysis
of the causes of poverty. [14.00 hours]
02. In depth : some factors linked with poverty.
(At least one hour)
Refer to
slide :
02. Some factors linked with poverty.
Monetisation.
Do you know The system of National
Accounts, 1993 (SNA) ?
See : Stiglitz J.,
Sen A, Fitoussi J-P (coordinators), Report by the
Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.,
Report
for the President of France, www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr,
Paris, September 2009. Chapter 1 of the summary and chapter 1 of the body of
this report provide a detailed analysis of
the term “gross domestic product (GDP)” as used in the system of National
Accounts and its limitations.
Look at
figure 1.6 on page 36 of Chapter 1 of
the report by the
Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.
1. Opinion.
Which activities does the SNA measure? How much do you think is attributed to women a) in OECD countries; b) in emerging economies; c)
in the least developed countries?
What
are “monetised” activities ?
2. Opinion.
Which activities are NOT measured by the SNA? How much do you think is attributed to women a) in OECD countries; b) in emerging economies; c)
in the least developed countries?
These are
“non-monetised” activities.
3. Opinion.
How many “monetised” activities do you think are truly
“productive”?
4. Opinion.
How many “non-monetised” activities do you think are truly “productive”?
5. Opinion.
What conclusions can you draw from your notes?
Read Chapter 8 “From global to local” of the book A Renewable World (Girardet H. and Mendonça M, Green Books, White
River Junction, 2009 (The World Future Council) , which covers the consequences
of globalisation of food production in detail.
A can of
peas.
A
400 gr. can of peas is an example of a chain of production. You begin with the
seeds. You plant and cultivate them. You make commercial agreements. The peas (280
gr. of them, the rest is water) are taken to a factory. They are cooked at the
factory and put into a tin which also has to be manufactured. Metal for the tin
has to be mined and treated or recycled from used materials. Paper for the
label and packaging have to be manufactured. Trees for the paper have to be
cultivated, cut, transported, and treated. Once the can of peas has been
«produced » it is taken to and stored in a distribution point, sold,
taken to a destination, stored again, sold again, transported again to a final
destination. The cycle ends with …….. 280 gr. of “consumable” peas, which might finally be
offered for sale at the place the peas were originally cultivated.
Generally
viewed, production of the can of peas may pass along a chain with hundreds of
links. The peas might have been consumed at their point of production, or
locally dried and conserved.. At the beginning of the chain, the peas were
fresh.. At the end of the chain, they are by definition less fresh.
The
question arises what the value added of the productive chain is. What has
actually been “produced” during the
odyssey made by the peas ?
6.
Research.
Think of another commercial product and
set out the chain of activities for it to arrive at its final point of
consumption or utilisation.
What are your conclusions?
The
length of the production chain.
7. Opinion.
Considering the conclusions you have
reached on the chain of production you have set out, what are the benefits of a
long production chain? Who benefits from it? Which are the benefits of a short
production chain? Who benefits from it?
Who controls the production chain at each of its links?
Marketing,
packaging, and transport.
These are
specific phases in the production chain odyssey of our poor peas.
8. Opinion.
What is the value added of these activities ? Who pays for them? How
much time, energy and money do they cost?
The role of
money
The peas will
(often) have changed owner several times in the course of their long voyage.
9. Opinion.
Make a list of [possible] moments
of transfer of ownership of the product for which you researched the chain of
production. Which operations were necessary at each transfer of
ownership ?
How much money was needed for the first transfer? How much for the last
one ?
Take the case
of our can containing 280 gr. of peas.
10. Opinion.
What was their harvested value
when they were with the farmer? What
was their value at the end of the production chain?
What are your conclusions?
Girardet and Mendonça cite in their book
A Renewable World
(details above) cite the one planet living concept
of the Bio Regional Development Group.
In their
view, One Planet Living involves respecting the following principles:
01. Zero
carbon.
02. Zero
waste.
03.
Sustainable transport.
04.
Sustainable materials.
05. Local and
sustainable food.
06.
Sustainable water.
07. Natural
habitats and wild life.
08. Culture
and heritage.
09. Equity,
fair-trade, and local economy.
10. Health
and happiness.
This course
shows how integrated development projects make this possible.
◄ First block :
Poverty and quality of life.
◄ Index : Diploma in Integrated Development (Dip.Int.Dev)